‘Which’ was replaced with ‘that’ (without comma).
It is because the clause that can solve the problems mentioned above is a restrictive/defining clause. In other words, it is essential to the meaning of the sentence. There are currently many optimisation algorithms, but here we need one that can solve the problems mentioned earlier in this paper.
NOTE: If you’re among those authors that think ‘that’ and ‘which’ are simply interchangeable, you’re wrong. Almost no editor can help checking the problem of which vs that when they come across either of them in a sentence.
The rule says that if the following clause is restrictive/defining, like above, you need ‘that’ (without any comma), but if the clause is non-restrictive/commenting, you need ‘which’ with a comma before it and another comma at the end of the clause, like the following example:
It is essential to use GA, which is a well-known optimisation algorithm, to solve the problem mentioned above.
In the above example, the parenthetical clause can be deleted without destructing the meaning of the sentence because it is just an extra information.
To make it simpler, let me give another example:
The car that I sold yesterday was red.
It means that in recent days, I have sold more than one car, so the descriptive clause that I sold yesterday is essential; it helps you identify which car was red.
The car, which I sold yesterday, was red.
This is a different scenario. There was only one car and it was red; so, the clause which I sold yesterday is just an extra information.
FINAL NOTE: In British and Australian English, you can also use which for restrictive clauses (not recommended), but the important point is that it should be without any comma:
The car which I sold yesterday was red.
From now on, be more meticulous when choosing between that and which.
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